Hydropower is a science and technology that studies the technical and economic problems of engineering construction, production and operation of converting water energy into electric energy. The water energy used in hydropower is mainly the potential energy contained in water. In order to convert water energy into electricity, different types of hydropower stations need to be built.

Hydropower is a renewable energy, which has little impact on the environment. In addition to providing cheap electricity, it also has the following advantages: controlling flood, providing irrigation water, improving river navigation, relevant projects, improving the transportation, power supply and economy of the region, especially developing tourism and aquaculture. The comprehensive development plan of the Tennessee River in the United States is the first large-scale water conservancy project to drive the overall economic development.